Global Warming and Climate Change Essay Example

Global Warming and Climate Change Paper Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather over periods of time that range from decades to lions of years. It can be a change in the average weather or a change in the distribution Of weather events around an average. It also refers to the extreme variations of weather brought about by global warming. Climate change may be limited to a specific region, or may occur across the whole Earth. Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earths surface. The Earths climate patterns have never been entirely predictable, and storms, drought, floods and famine have affected humanity throughout history. The Earths climate patterns create and sustain the natural environment on which humans and all other species depend. The Earths climate is influenced by average global temperature and is sensitive to changes in temperature. The Earth has a natural temperature control system that keeps the planet warm enough to sustain life, yet prevents it from over heating. The Earth is definitely warming. Signals of changing climates, including increasing trends in temperature, sea level rise and extreme climate events are already evident in the Philippines. And as the warming continuous, the effects will become more dangerous. Climate change will bring water shortages and decreases agricultural productivity and food security. Furthermore, it would affect the worlds population, but poor tropical countries will be hit worst. Our health will be threatened by heat strokes and increase chances of exposure to infectious diseases. Climate change will also bring more extreme weather, from floods to droughts, forest fires to tropical cyclones. Activities like Climate change, wastes from factories, smoke from the vehicles, improper disposal of garbage and smoking cigarette can cause climate change and global warming. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming and Climate Change specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming and Climate Change specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming and Climate Change specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Theres not much time left for action. Atop science conference in February declared that climate change is already underway, visible through glacier shrinkage, melting of polar ice, shifts in rainfall patterns and bad heat waves. Experts say that if the world wants to keep to the bottom end of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (EPIC), temperatures estimates, global emission of ICC will have to peak in 2020 and then fall to half of todays levels by 2095-a tall order, given that developing countries and the United States are gobbling up fossil fuels. The solutions to lessen climate change is to stop using fossil fuels and use clean energy sources such as wind, solar, hydro and hydrogen. But this is easier said than done. Furthermore, we have to be founded on international cooperation and national concern. We are all hopeful that the solution of these issues will pave the way for the achievement of the conventions ultimate objective which is the stabilization of green house gases emissions at a level that would pose no danger to the climatic system. The researcher conducted this study in order to determine the extent of awareness of the freshmen students on climate change concept and issues. Aside from this, the study dealt with the various practices adopted by these resumes students hope to promote environmental care or may degrades the earths fragile environment. It is also designed to present the issues surrounding climate change to the students in the hope that by raising public awareness the potential effects of climate change may be minimized. Background of the Study We have chosen to make a study on the awareness and preparedness of the freshmen students about climate change, because we would like to find out the depth of their knowledge on the said problem and We believe that climate change is a very alarming phenomenon not only in our country but also avian a remarkable effect globally. It is very essential and important to first give a simple background of what climate change and what is its connection to greenhouse effect, abnormal weather change and global warming. Climate change refers to any change in climate overtime, whether due to the natural variability or as a result of human activity. Climate changes can result from the interaction of the atmosphere and oceans. Changes in the worlds climate are not new. Just as weather patterns change from day to day, the climate changes too. This occurs naturally, driven by internal and external factors. However, not all changes are due to natural processes, as we humans have also exerted our influence, which is called anthropogenic climate change. Through widespread use of land, use of fossil fuels and the building of cities, we have changed our climate. The major technological and socio economic shift of the industrial era with reduced reliance on organic fuel, the accelerated uptake of fossil fuels and broad scale Climate change, means we have contributed to the natural greenhouse effect. In fact, this factor which influenced the source of human history and human evolution. The climate change we are experiencing is brought by humanities massive dependence on fuels, particularly carbon-based fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. Global warming is the noted average increase of the earth surface temperature and ocean as compared to previous century. This is a result of the continuous trapping of heat within the earth atmosphere due to increased quantity Of greenhouse gases. Global warming is one of the key aspects of climate change. Global Warming is only part of the story and it doesnt tell us when this might happen. What we do know is that global arming has occurred in the past, and it is also happening right now. Undoubtedly the temperature of the globe has fluctuated since the very beginnings of our planet. The real problem is not just the fact that it is warming, but the rate at which it is warming. Greenhouse gases are chemical compound such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide found in the atmosphere. The greenhouse gases absorb some of the infrared radiation (heat) which reflects back heat that gets trapped by the greenhouse gases inside our atmosphere is necessary to make the earth warm otherwise it will be too cold. This natural process is called the greenhouse effect. Theres no doubt that increases in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases strengthens the greenhouse effect and contributes to global warming. What remain uncertain are the precise effects of a strengthened greenhouse effect on global temperatures. Because there is still much to be learned about how the worlds climate will react to increased greenhouse gas concentrations, the range of possible climate futures projected by the EPIC is an indication of uncertainty about how much the world will warm over the coming entry-?not of whether that warm inning is happening. This study also focuses in the effects of climate change, the reaction and actions of the students regarding this. We as a researcher conducted random surveys to the first year students and aside from that we made our researches from different books and references. It is very important to us to conserve our environment and the species that live in it. In order to foster a positive environmental attitude among people, there should be an effective information education campaign to lengthen their environmental awareness and consequently promote better understanding of the various problems that plague the world today. The Bachelor in Office Administration freshmen students should not be left behind in responding to the protection of our environment. It is the duty of the schools to provide the students with mere knowledge about the physical condition of their environment specifically on how to conserve and protect the spheres of the earth in order to address climate change and global warming. As a student, it is also our part to be responsible in all our actions in order to give importance and care to our environment, because whatever happens to our surroundings it affects our way of living. We should be aware how prone and dangerous the effects of climate change and global warming, and do some actions regarding this issues. Theoretical Framework To study the level of awareness of the students about climate change, this necessarily involves the collection and processing of large amount of data that will be gathered from all freshmen BOA students. Lessons on climate change will be soon incorporated in elementary and high school curricula to raise the level of awareness on global environment issues among public school students. Climate change which regarded as a global primary concern, the Philippines is one of the developing countries expected to suffer the most of the ill effects of climate change. It is caused by several factors. Climate change refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity (anthropogenic causes). Some of the historic agreements on the fight against global warming and climate change include the united Nations Climate change Conference held in Bali, Indonesia in 2007 and the Bangkok Climate Change talks held from March 31 to April 4, 2008 in Thailand. The impact of climate change on natural ecosystem will be considerable. The result will be disrupted ecosystems and accelerated extinction for many plant and animal species. Climate has a big influence on plants and animals in the natural environment, on oceans, and on human activities, such as agriculture, water supplies, and heating and cooling. The effects of climate change depend upon how much change there is, how fast it occurs, and how easily the world can adapt to the new conditions. Climate may change faster than plants can move from one region to another. This may Cause species extinction, lower biodiversity, and changes n the way species interact. Climate change is also one of the factors causing an increase in the incidence of diseases like malaria, and dengue fever. According to Gushier Orin, the head of the WHOs, western Pacific Office, 1 50,000 more people are dying each years of malaria, diarrhea, floods and malnutrition, all of which can be traced to climate change. Climate change is also causing sea levels to raise results to dry up and weather patterns to become erratic. Mom said, floods, drought, and hiatuses are talking as a tool to human health. The earths climate is influenced by average global imperative and sensitiveness changes in temperature and greenhouse gases result to global warming which is one of the key aspects of climate change. We know that the earth has become warmer over the last century. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (EPIC), a group established by the World Meteorological Organization (WHOM) and the United Nations Environment Program (LINEN), reports that the average surface temperature of the earth has increased during the twentieth century by about 0. 6 ICC. (The C means that the increase might be as small as 0. 40 C or as great as 0. C. ) This may seem like a small shift, but although regional and short-term temperatures do fluctuate over a wide range, global temperatures are generally quite stable. In fact, the difference between todays average global temperature and the average global temperature during the last Ice Age is only about 5 degrees C. Indeed, it is warmer today around the world than at any time during the past 1 000 years, and the warmest years of the previous century have occurred within the past decade. An environmentalist has warned that the effects Of climate change are certain to affect the Philippines ND that mitigating measures must be adopted to cushion its impact. In his report entitled Securing Lifeboats and Lifelines: Understanding the Climate Challenge, Building Local Solutions, Jose Ma. Lorenz Tan, vice chair of World Wide Fund (WAP) Philippines, said there is absolutely no doubt that the era of fossil fuels must end. To save itself, the planet has to shift, almost exponentially, to zero-carbon systems. Each nation, each community, each individual must play a role. The climate change that we are experiencing now is brought by humanitys massive destruction of human resources and this is he factor which ash influence the cause of human history and human evolution. Conceptual Framework The working framework of the study is shown in a research paradigm clearly illustrated in a schematic diagram in figure 1 showing the interplay of the variables of the study. It presents a schematic presentation of the influence of the independent variables age, gender and section on the Dependent Variables that states the level of awareness and preparedness towards climate change and global warming. The output consists of the outcome on the result of the study. Independent Variables Variables Output Fig. Schematic Diagram Statement of the problem Dependent This study is aimed to assess the awareness of the freshmen students of Bachelor in Office Administration, SYS. 2009-2010 with particular emphasis about global warming and climate change. More specifically, it sought to answer the following: 1. What is the respondents profile in terms of: 1. 1 Name: (optional) 1. Gage: 1. Gender: 1. Section: 2. What is the level of awareness of freshmen BOA Students about climate change and global warming? 3. How prepared are the students towards climate change and global warming? 4. Is there any significant relationship teen the demographic profile of the students to their level of Awareness and Preparedness about Climate Change and Global Warming? Hypothesis There is no significant relationship between the demographic profile of the respondents to their level of Awareness and Preparedness on Climate Change and Global Warming. Significance of the Study Climate change due to human activities could be a marked warming trend in a place where rapid arbitration took place. Climate does change as evidence by many records. Evidence has been detected from fossils, habitat shifts and records such as droughts, floods and large scale migration. The result of this study is beneficial to school administrators, teachers, students, parents and also in the community. School Administrators and Supervisors. Results of the study could serve as basis of the policy formulation and decision. Making of the school official is designing programs and projects that will help promote a desired quality of campus environment that is totally wholesome to everyone. Further, school officials can make use Of the study to re-evaluate the existing academic curricular and the school environmental education programs, its implementation and compliance that ill be the basis of future action to solve the perceived existing problems thereof. Conclusive results could serve as guide in formulating the most appropriate educational strategy that school may adapt to attain the desired environmental behavior and practices of students in all academic levels. Students. This study will provide baseline information in promoting the students awareness toward climate change and global warming both in school and the community where they belong. It will give them certain insights on the prevailing phenomena confronting the country and the world; owe this affects their lives, and the generations to come, and how would they make concrete decision and actions geared toward improving the present environmental conditions. Government Officials. Information from this study will serve as a guide for the local and national government officials in their decisions on what appropriate legislation can be done promote participation from the youth or student sector towards achieving the desired quality of environment. Results can be the basis of planning and program/project implementation to governments thrust for sustainable development. Community. Results that will be obtained from the study will be the basis for the community officials and parents in creating certain programs in which the youth can actively participate to improve the physical living condition in the very community where they are vital components. Present Researchers. The results of this study will guide the researcher in improving their competence in sharing their knowledge about the effects of climate change and global warming. Future Researchers. For those in the field of research and for the future researchers, this study can be utilized as baseline information for animal research that may be conducted in the future. It can be used as a reference material or as a useful citation or related literature. Further, this could be used to verify the existence of such a problem before making a final and solid conclusion on this subject. This study may become an instrument for school administrators in developing policies, rules and regulation that will guide them in identifying and understanding environment programs and activities that can be implemented in the schools. The teachers may get more idea about this study that will help them in teaching the students to be more aware about our environment especially bout climate change and for the students to be more responsible about our nature and be more aware in taking good care of it. Scope and Limitations This study was conducted to determine the level of awareness of students towards climate change and global warming. The respondents of the study were the BOA Freshmen students of Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Sat. Mesa Manila. They were randomly selected from a total of 420 BOA freshmen students officially enrolled in the school year 2009-2010. The respondents were grouped according to the categories Of variables name, gender, age and section. Definition of terms: Anthropogenic effects, processes or materials are those that are derived from human activities, as opposed to those occurring in biophysical environments without human influence Atmosphere the gaseous envelope surrounding the earth or any other celestial body. Affiliation This is defined as an association with an organization. (Merriam Webster Dictionary for Students, 2009) Awareness is the state or ability to perceive, to feel, or to be conscious of events, objects or sensory pattern. Climate Encompasses the statistics of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, rainfall, atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorological elements in a given region over long periods of time. Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather over periods of time. Climate variation is influenced by issues relating to climate change. Compel- This refers to doing something (as a person) by the use of physical, moral, or mental pressure. Contemplation This is defined as an act of looking or thinking about something. Deprived This refers to taking something away from having or doing something. Environment the air, water, minerals, organizations, and al other external factors surrounding and affecting a given organism at any time. Exploitative This is defined as an act of making use of something unfairly for ones own benefit. Fluctuate- to be continually varying in an irregular way. Fossil fuel- natural fuel, such as oil and gas, derived from the composition of prehistoric plants and animals. Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earths near-surface. Greenhouse effect is the heating of the surface of a planet or moon due to the presence of an atmosphere containing gases that absorb and emit infrared radiation. Greenhouse gases are gases in an atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range. Hiatuses- a break in continuity; a la CUNY. Impact This refers to a strong effect. Implement This is defined as an act of starting or putting something to action. Inefficient This refers to the state of being ineffective. Labor This is defined as a task or something that has to be done. Necessities This refers to something that is badly needed. Phenomena is any observable occurrence, refers to an extraordinary event. Prevalent This is defined as being accepted, practiced, or happening often or over a wide area. Temperature degree of heat and cold. Vulnerability is the extent to which climate change may damage or harm a system, it is a function of both the sensitivity of a system or structure to climate and the opportunities for adaptation to new conditions The Variables 1. Respondents profile: 1 Section: 2. The level of awareness of freshmen BOA Students about climate change and global warming 3. Preparedness of the BOA Freshmen students about global warming and climate change. Chapter II Review of Related Literature and Studies This chapter presents the foreign literature, local studies and synthesis that re relevant to an inquiry on the level Of awareness and preparedness of the freshmen students towards global warming and climate change that will serve as the background for this investigation. Foreign Literature Causes of Global Climate Change The global climate must be viewed as operating within a complex atmosphere / earth / ocean / ice / land system. Any change to this system that will result in climate change is a product on forcing agents the cause of climate change. Such forcing agents may be either internal or external. External forcing mechanisms involve agents acting from outside the climate yester. By contrast, internal mechanisms operate within the climate system itself. Despite global climate change currently being the most widely discussed among various recent global environment changes, there is mounting evidence that humans, in aggregate, are overloading the planets great biochemical systems. This has been summarized by Vitreous and Colleagues: Human alteration of earth is substantial and growing. Between one-third and one-half of the land surface has been transformed by human action; the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has increased by nearly 301 Since the beginning of the industrial revolution; more atmosphere nitrogen is fixed by humanity than by all natural terrestrial sources combined; more than half of all accusable surface fresh water is put to use by humanity, in about one-quarter of the birds species on earth have been driven to extinction. Ash Mali stated on his book, Causes of Climate Change, 2008. The Earths climate has changed throughout history. From glacial periods (or ice ages) where ice covered significant portions of the Earth to interglacial periods where ice retreated to the poles or melted entirely the climate has mutinously changed. Scientists have been able to piece together a picture of the Earths climate dating back decades to millions of years ago by analyzing a number of surrogate, or proxy, measures of climate such as ice cores, boreholes, tree rings, glacier lengths, pollen remains, and ocean sediments, and by studying changes in the Earths orbit around the sun. These climate change drivers often trigger additional changes or feedbacks within the climate system that can amplify or dampen the climates initial response to them (whether the response is warming or cooling). Irving M. Minter cited on his book The Federal Government Framework program for promoting climatic research, 1 982 that most scientist have considerable confidence that the enhance greenhouse effect is real, and that climate change is the result of human activities. Human activities are changing the composition of our atmosphere at unprecedented rate. If it will continue, our planet could experience a climatic shock unlike anything experienced 1 0,000 years. It would not be felt us an intermediate blow. The climate cannot disappear like an endangered species. Nor can explode like a runaway reactor. Nevertheless, the risks Of rapid climate change. Rapid in geologic and climatic standard are rising rapidly in our time. In this context, shock is the right term. It describes the impact that results from the set of changes may have on human economies and National ecosystem. He also concluded that climate change is not a new phenomenon. Earths climate has change before, many times in last 2 billion years. According to Irving the record of climate change over the geologic past is one of the most often cited but least understood, some of the evidence supporting the argument that human activities may have an important effect on our future climate. He wrote that some factors, civilizing the records of the past changes, may also be necessary to the future climate. Mongol stated in the climate change fraud: Science calls for the United States and the developed world to cut pollution by at least 26 to 40 percent below 1 990 levels by 2020, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80 to 95 percent by 2050. Carbon dioxide is not pollution. It is the one gas vital to the growth of every kind of vegetation on Earth. It is to plants and trees what oxygen is to human beings and other creatures. Climate change may benefit or plague mankind. The cause of such changes in climate is also because of human activities, not only by natural events. The possible causes Of natural changes in the climate are alternations in the terrestrial orbit, a change in the solar constant, cosmic dust, and dust in the atmosphere caused by volcanoes. The climate system rests on reciprocal influences interacting between its various interlinked components. These are atmosphere, ocean, chromospheres, landmasses and biosphere. The biosphere exercises a substantial influence on global climate by means of its radiation, heat, and water budget. The carbon cycle is also a factor in climate change. An impact upon the climate may also ensue from the augmented use of nitrogen fertilizers. The hydrological cycle linked with the atmosphere is directly influenced by fluctuations in climate and both of these in turn affect the climate. Climate changes may influence food production in the major supplies regions. The impact of climatic changes in general and of precipitation, evaporation and glacier formation in particular plays a big part in the provision of adequate water supplies, reservoir storage, energy production, hipping, and land use. Global Warming and Climate Change Essay Example Global Warming and Climate Change Paper Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather over periods of time that range from decades to lions of years. It can be a change in the average weather or a change in the distribution Of weather events around an average. It also refers to the extreme variations of weather brought about by global warming. Climate change may be limited to a specific region, or may occur across the whole Earth. Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth’s surface. The Earth’s climate patterns have never been entirely predictable, and storms, drought, floods and famine have affected humanity throughout history. The Earth’s climate patterns create and sustain the natural environment on which humans and all other species depend. The Earth’s climate is influenced by average global temperature and is sensitive to changes in temperature. The Earth has a natural temperature control system that keeps the planet warm enough to sustain life, yet prevents it from over heating. The Earth is definitely warming. Signals of changing climates, including increasing trends in temperature, sea level rise and extreme climate events are already evident in the Philippines. And as the warming continuous, the effects will become more dangerous. Climate change will bring water shortages and decreases agricultural productivity and food security. Furthermore, it would affect the world’s population, but poor tropical countries will be hit worst. Our health will be threatened by heat strokes and increase chances of exposure to infectious diseases. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming and Climate Change specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming and Climate Change specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming and Climate Change specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Climate change will also bring more extreme weather, from floods to droughts, forest fires to tropical cyclones. Activities like Climate change, wastes from factories, smoke from the vehicles, improper disposal of garbage and smoking cigarette can cause climate change and global warming. There’s not much time left for action. Atop science conference in February declared that climate change is already underway, visible through glacier shrinkage, melting of polar ice, shifts in rainfall patterns and bad heat waves. Experts say that if the world wants to keep to the bottom end of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (EPIC), temperatures estimates, global emission of ICC will have to peak in 2020 and then fall to half of today’s levels by 2095-a tall order, given that developing countries and the United States are gobbling up fossil fuels. The solutions to lessen climate change is to stop using fossil fuels and use clean energy sources such as wind, solar, hydro and hydrogen. But this is easier said than done. Furthermore, we have to be founded on international cooperation and national concern. We are all hopeful that the solution of these issues will pave the way for the achievement of the convention’s ultimate objective which is the stabilization of green house gases emissions at a level that would pose no danger to the climatic system. The researcher conducted this study in order to determine the extent of awareness of the freshmen students on climate change concept and issues. Aside from this, the study dealt with the various practices adopted by these resumes students hope to promote environmental care or may degrades the earth’s fragile environment. It is also designed to present the issues surrounding climate change to the students in the hope that by raising public awareness the potential effects of climate change may be minimized. Background of the Study We have chosen to make a study on the awareness and preparedness of the freshmen students about climate change, because we would like to find out the depth of their knowledge on the said problem and We believe that climate change is a very alarming phenomenon not only in our country but also avian a remarkable effect globally. It is very essential and important to first give a simple background of what climate change and what is its connection to greenhouse effect, abnormal weather change and global warming. Climate change refers to any change in climate overtime, whether due to the natural var iability or as a result of human activity. Climate changes can result from the interaction of the atmosphere and oceans. Changes in the world’s climate are not new. Just as weather patterns change from day to day, the climate changes too. This occurs naturally, driven by internal and external factors. However, not all changes are due to natural processes, as we humans have also exerted our influence, which is called anthropogenic climate change. Through widespread use of land, use of fossil fuels and the building of cities, we have changed our climate. The major technological and socio economic shift of the industrial era with reduced reliance on organic fuel, the accelerated uptake of fossil fuels and broad scale Climate change, means we have contributed to the natural greenhouse effect. In fact, this factor which influenced the source of human history and human evolution. The climate change we are experiencing is brought by humanities massive dependence on fuels, particularly carbon-based fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. Global warming is the noted average increase of the earth surface temperature and ocean as compared to previous century. This is a result of the continuous trapping of heat within the earth atmosphere due to increased quantity Of greenhouse gases. Global warming is one of the key aspects of climate change. Global Warming is only part of the story and it doesn’t tell us when this might happen. What we do know is that global arming has occurred in the past, and it is also happening right now. Undoubtedly the temperature of the globe has fluctuated since the very beginnings of our planet. The real problem is not just the fact that it is warming, but the rate at which it is warming. Greenhouse gases are chemical compound such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide found in the atmosphere. The greenhouse gases absorb some of the infrared radiation (heat) which reflects back heat that gets trapped by the greenhouse gases inside our atmosphere is necessary to make the earth warm otherwise it will be too cold. This natural process is called the greenhouse effect. There’s no doubt that increases in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases strengthens the greenhouse effect and contributes to global warming. What remain uncertain are the precise effects of a strengthened greenhouse effect on global temperatures. Because there is still much to be learned about how the world’s climate will react to increased greenhouse gas concentrations, the range of possible climate futures projected by the EPIC is an indication of uncertainty about how much the world will warm over the coming entry-?not of whether that warm inning is happening. This study also focuses in the effects of climate change, the reaction and actions of the students regarding this. We as a researcher conducted random surveys to the first year students and aside from that we made our researches from different books and references. It is very important to us to conserve our environment and the species that live in it. In order to foster a positive environmental attitude among people, there should be an effective information education campaign to lengthen their environmental awareness and consequently promote better understanding of the various problems that plague the world today. The Bachelor in Office Administration freshmen students should not be left behind in responding to the protection of our environment. It is the duty of the schools to provide the students with mere knowledge about the physical condition of their environment specifically on how to conserve and protect the spheres of the earth in order to address climate change and global warming. As a student, it is also our part to be responsible in all our actions in order to give importance and care to our environment, because whatever happens to our surroundings it affects our way of living. We should be aware how prone and dangerous the effects of climate change and global warming, and do some actions regarding this issues. Theoretical Framework To study the level of awareness of the students about climate change, this necessarily involves the collection and processing of large amount of data that will be gathered from all freshmen BOA students. Lessons on climate change will be soon incorporated in elementary and high school curricula to raise the level of awareness on global environment issues among public school students. Climate change which regarded as a global primary concern, the Philippines is one of the developing countries expected to suffer the most of the ill effects of climate change. It is caused by several factors. Climate change refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity (anthropogenic causes). Some of the historic agreements on the fight against global warming and climate change include the united Nations Climate change Conference held in Bali, Indonesia in 2007 and the Bangkok Climate Change talks held from March 31 to April 4, 2008 in Thailand. The impact of climate change on natural ecosystem will be considerable. The result will be disrupted ecosystems and accelerated extinction for many plant and animal species. Climate has a big influence on plants and animals in the natural environment, on oceans, and on human activities, such as agriculture, water supplies, and heating and cooling. The effects of climate change depend upon how much change there is, how fast it occurs, and how easily the world can adapt to the new conditions. Climate may change faster than plants can move from one region to another. This may Cause species extinction, lower biodiversity, and changes n the way species interact. Climate change is also one of the factors causing an increase in the incidence of diseases like malaria, and dengue fever. According to Gushier Orin, the head of the WHO’s, western Pacific Office, 1 50,000 more people are dying each years of malaria, diarrhea, floods and malnutrition, all of which can be traced to climate change. Climate change is also causing sea levels to raise results to dry up and weather patterns to become erratic. Mom said, floods, drought, and hiatuses are talking as a tool to human health. The earth’s climate is influenced by average global imperative and sensitiveness changes in temperature and greenhouse gases result to global warming which is one of the key aspects of climate change. We know that the earth has become warmer over the last century. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (EPIC), a group established by the World Meteorological Organization (WHOM) and the United Nations Environment Program (LINEN), reports that the average surface temperature of the earth has increased during the twentieth century by about 0. 6†² ICC. (The C means that the increase might be as small as 0. 40 C or as great as 0. C. ) This may seem like a small shift, but although regional and short-term temperatures do fluctuate over a wide range, global temperatures are generally quite stable. In fact, the difference between today’s average global temperature and the average global temperature during the last Ice Age is only about 5 degrees C. Indeed, it is warmer today around the world than at any time during the past 1 000 years, and the warmest years of the previous century have occurred within the past decade. An environmentalist has warned that the effects Of climate change are certain to affect the Philippines ND that mitigating measures must be adopted to cushion its impact. In his report entitled â€Å"Securing Lifeboats and Lifelines: Understanding the Climate Challenge, Building Local Solutions,† Jose Ma. Lorenz Tan, vice chair of World Wide Fund (WAP) Philippines, said â€Å"there is absolutely no doubt that the era of fossil fuels must end. † â€Å"To save itself, the planet has to shift, almost exponentially, to zero-carbon systems. Each nation, each community, each individual must play a role. The climate change that we are experiencing now is brought by humanity’s massive destruction of human resources and this is he factor which ash influence the cause of human history and human evolution. Conceptual Framework The working framework of the study is shown in a research paradigm clearly illustrated in a schematic diagram in figure 1 showing the interplay of the variables of the study. It presents a schematic presentation of the influence of the independent variables age, gender and section on the Dependent Variables that states the level of awareness and preparedness towards climate change and global warming. The output consists of the outcome on the result of the study. Independent Variables Variables Output Fig. Schematic Diagram Statement of the problem Dependent This study is aimed to assess the awareness of the freshmen students of Bachelor in Office Administration, SYS. 2009-2010 with particular emphasis about global warming and climate change. More specifically, it sought to answer the following: 1. What is the respondents profile in terms of: 1. 1 Name: (optional) 1. Gage: 1. Gender: 1. Section: 2. What is the level of awareness of freshmen BOA Students about climate change and global warming? 3. How prepared are the students towards climate change and global warming? 4. Is there any significant relationship teen the demographic profile of the students to their level of Awareness and Preparedness about Climate Change and Global Warming? Hypothesis There is no significant relationship between the demographic profile of the respondents to their level of Awareness and Preparedness on Climate Change and Global Warming. Significance of the Study Climate change due to human activities could be a marked warming trend in a place where rapid arbitration took place. Climate does change as evidence by many records. Evidence has been detected from fossils, habitat shifts and records such as droughts, floods and large scale migration. The result of this study is beneficial to school administrators, teachers, students, parents and also in the community. School Administrators and Supervisors. Results of the study could serve as basis of the policy formulation and decision. Making of the school official is designing programs and projects that will help promote a desired quality of campus environment that is totally wholesome to everyone. Further, school officials can make use Of the study to re-evaluate the existing academic curricular and the school environmental education programs, its implementation and compliance that ill be the basis of future action to solve the perceived existing problems thereof. Conclusive results could serve as guide in formulating the most appropriate educational strategy that school may adapt to attain the desired environmental behavior and practices of students in all academic levels. Students. This study will provide baseline information in promoting the students awareness toward climate change and global warming both in school and the community where they belong. It will give them certain insights on the prevailing phenomena confronting the country and the world; owe this affects their lives, and the generations to come, and how would they make concrete decision and actions geared toward improving the present environmental conditions. Government Officials. Information from this study will serve as a guide for the local and national government officials in their decisions on what appropriate legislation can be done promote participation from the youth or student sector towards achieving the desired quality of environment. Results can be the basis of planning and program/project implementation to government’s thrust for sustainable development. Community. Results that will be obtained from the study will be the basis for the community officials and parents in creating certain programs in which the youth can actively participate to improve the physical living condition in the very community where they are vital components. Present Researchers. The results of this study will guide the researcher in improving their competence in sharing their knowledge about the effects of climate change and global warming. Future Researchers. For those in the field of research and for the future researchers, this study can be utilized as baseline information for animal research that may be conducted in the future. It can be used as a reference material or as a useful citation or related literature. Further, this could be used to verify the existence of such a problem before making a final and solid conclusion on this subject. This study may become an instrument for school administrators in developing policies, rules and regulation that will guide them in identifying and understanding environment programs and activities that can be implemented in the schools. The teachers may get more idea about this study that will help them in teaching the students to be more aware about our environment especially bout climate change and for the students to be more responsible about our nature and be more aware in taking good care of it. Scope and Limitations This study was conducted to determine the level of awareness of students towards climate change and global warming. The respondents of the study were the BOA Freshmen students of Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Sat. Mesa Manila. They were randomly selected from a total of 420 BOA freshmen students officially enrolled in the school year 2009-2010. The respondents were grouped according to the categories Of variables name, gender, age and section. Definition of terms: Anthropogenic – effects, processes or materials are those that are derived from human activities, as opposed to those occurring in biophysical environments without human influence Atmosphere – the gaseous envelope surrounding the earth or any other celestial body. Affiliation – This is defined as an association with an organization. (Merriam Webster Dictionary for Students, 2009) Awareness – is the state or ability to perceive, to feel, or to be conscious of events, objects or sensory pattern. Climate – Encompasses the statistics of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, rainfall, atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorological elements in a given region over long periods of time. Climate change – is a change in the statistical distribution of weather over periods of time. Climate variation – is influenced by issues relating to climate change. Compel- This refers to doing something (as a person) by the use of physical, moral, or mental pressure. Contemplation – This is defined as an act of looking or thinking about something. Deprived – This refers to taking something away from having or doing something. Environment – the air, water, minerals, organizations, and al other external factors surrounding and affecting a given organism at any time. Exploitative – This is defined as an act of making use of something unfairly for one’s own benefit. Fluctuate- to be continually varying in an irregular way. Fossil fuel- natural fuel, such as oil and gas, derived from the composition of prehistoric plants and animals. Global warming – is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s near-surface. Greenhouse effect – is the heating of the surface of a planet or moon due to the presence of an atmosphere containing gases that absorb and emit infrared radiation. Greenhouse gases – are gases in an atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range. Hiatuses- a break in continuity; a la CUNY. Impact – This refers to a strong effect. Implement – This is defined as an act of starting or putting something to action. Inefficient – This refers to the state of being ineffective. Labor – This is defined as a task or something that has to be done. Necessities – This refers to something that is badly needed. Phenomena – is any observable occurrence, refers to an extraordinary event. Prevalent – This is defined as being accepted, practiced, or happening often or over a wide area. Temperature – degree of heat and cold. Vulnerability – is the extent to which climate change may damage or harm a system, it is a function of both the sensitivity of a system or structure to climate and the opportunities for adaptation to new conditions The Variables 1. Respondents profile: 1 Section: 2. The level of awareness of freshmen BOA Students about climate change and global warming 3. Preparedness of the BOA Freshmen students about global warming and climate change. Chapter II Review of Related Literature and Studies This chapter presents the foreign literature, local studies and synthesis that re relevant to an inquiry on the level Of awareness and preparedness of the freshmen students towards global warming and climate change that will serve as the background for this investigation. Foreign Literature Causes of Global Climate Change The global climate must be viewed as operating within a complex atmosphere / earth / ocean / ice / land system. Any change to this system that will result in climate change is a product on forcing agents – the cause of climate change. Such forcing agents may be either internal or external. External forcing mechanisms involve agents acting from outside the climate yester. By contrast, internal mechanisms operate within the climate system itself. Despite global climate change currently being the most widely discussed among various recent global environment changes, there is mounting evidence that humans, in aggregate, are overloading the planet’s great biochemical systems. This has been summarized by Vitreous and Colleagues: â€Å"Human alteration of earth is substantial and growing. Between one-third and one-half of the land surface has been transformed by human action; the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has increased by nearly 301 Since the beginning of the industrial revolution; more atmosphere nitrogen is fixed by humanity than by all natural terrestrial sources combined; more than half of all accusable surface fresh water is put to use by humanity, in about one-quarter of the birds species on earth have been driven to extinction. † Ash Mali stated on his book, Causes of Climate Change, 2008. The Earth’s climate has changed throughout history. From glacial periods (or â€Å"ice ages†) where ice covered significant portions of the Earth to interglacial periods where ice retreated to the poles or melted entirely – the climate has mutinously changed. Scientists have been able to piece together a picture of the Earth’s climate dating back decades to millions of years ago by analyzing a number of surrogate, or â€Å"proxy,† measures of climate such as ice cores, boreholes, tree rings, glacier lengths, pollen remains, and ocean sediments, and by studying changes in the Earth’s orbit around the sun. These climate change â€Å"drivers† often trigger additional changes or â€Å"feedbacks† within the climate system that can amplify or dampen the climate’s initial response to them (whether the response is warming or cooling). Irving M. Minter cited on his book The Federal Government Framework program for promoting climatic research, 1 982 that most scientist have considerable confidence that the enhance greenhouse effect is real, and that climate change is the result of human activities. Human activities are changing the composition of our atmosphere at unprecedented rate. If it will continue, our planet could experience a climatic shock unlike anything experienced 1 0,000 years. It would not be felt us an intermediate blow. The climate cannot disappear like an endangered species. Nor can explode like a runaway reactor. Nevertheless, the risks Of rapid climate change. Rapid in geologic and climatic standard are rising rapidly in our time. In this context, â€Å"shock† is the right term. It describes the impact that results from the set of changes may have on human economies and National ecosystem. He also concluded that climate change is not a new phenomenon. Earth’s climate has change before, many times in last 2 billion years. According to Irving the record of climate change over the geologic past is one of the most often cited but least understood, some of the evidence supporting the argument that human activities may have an important effect on our future climate. He wrote that some factors, civilizing the records of the past changes, may also be necessary to the future climate. Mongol stated in the climate change fraud: â€Å"Science calls for the United States and the developed world to cut pollution by at least 26 to 40 percent below 1 990 levels by 2020, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80 to 95 percent by 2050. † Carbon dioxide is not â€Å"pollution. † It is the one gas vital to the growth of every kind of vegetation on Earth. It is to plants and trees what oxygen is to human beings and other creatures. Climate change may benefit or plague mankind. The cause of such changes in climate is also because of human activities, not only by natural events. The possible causes Of natural changes in the climate are alternations in the terrestrial orbit, a change in the solar constant, cosmic dust, and dust in the atmosphere caused by volcanoes. The climate system rests on reciprocal influences interacting between its various interlinked components. These are atmosphere, ocean, chromospheres, landmasses and biosphere. The biosphere exercises a substantial influence on global climate by means of its radiation, heat, and water budget. The carbon cycle is also a factor in climate change. An impact upon the climate may also ensue from the augmented use of nitrogen fertilizers. The hydrological cycle linked with the atmosphere is directly influenced by fluctuations in climate and both of these in turn affect the climate. Climate changes may influence food production in the major supplies regions. The impact of climatic changes in general and of precipitation, evaporation and glacier formation in particular plays a big part in the provision of adequate water supplies, reservoir storage, energy production, hipping, and land use.

perfect competition vs monopoly essays

perfect competition vs monopoly essays 1. Analyze the fast food industry from the point of view of perfect competition. Include the concepts of elasticity, utility, costs, and market structure to explain the prices charged by fast food retailers. Firms within the fast food industry fall under the market structure of perfect competition. Market structure is a classification system for the key traits of a market. The characteristics of perfect competition include: large number of buyers and sellers, easy entry to and exit from the market, homogeneous products, and the firm is the price taker. Many fast food franchises fit all or most of these characteristics. Competition within the industry as well as market supply and demand conditions set the price of products sold. For example, when Wendys introduced its $.99 value menu, several other companies implemented the same type of changes to their menu. The demand for items on Wendys value menu was so high because they were offering the same products as always, but at a discounted price. This change in market demand basically forced Wendys competition to lower prices of items on their menu, in order to maintain their share of the market. The previous example illustrates the elasticity of the fast food industry. Supply and demand set the equilibrium price for goods offered by franchises within the industry. Competitors of Wendys must accept the prices established by the consumer demand for the value menu. If consumers didnt respond so positively to Wendys changes, other firms wouldnt have had to adjust prices. On the flip side of this concept, there is no need for franchises to further reduce prices below the current levels. At the current prices, firms may sell as much product as they want, thereby maximizing profits. This industry has a very high utility value. Utility is a measure of satisfaction or pleasure that is obtained from consuming a good or servi ...

Geology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Geology - Essay Example The major islands and island groups consist of Turks & Caicos, the Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, and the Antiles (Greater and lesser) 2. How likely will eruptions occur on these islands? Are there any where it is more likely in the near future? Explain. According to Chamberlain (2007) there was a volcanic eruption at Montserrat. It was postulated that because the eruption did not cause a lava shell to claps and as such there is the risk that this could cause additional pressure which could theoretically cause a more powerful blast at the same location however it is not clear if any place near to this location would erupt in the near future. There are conflicting reports as to the likelihood of there being a volcanic eruption in the near future however it is likely that at least some time in the future there will be some sort of volcanic eruption. 3. What is a supervolcano? According to the United States Geological Survey (2009) a supervolcano is a volcano that is capable of an eruption that ejects deposits that are greater than 1,000 cubic kilometers. Although there are not many of these supervolcanoes on the planet there is a tremendous amount of stored energy that has the potential for massive consequences should the volcano erupt. 4.

Operations Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Operations Management - Research Paper Example Development of models attributed to numerous development cycle models exists and are developed to attain a range of goals. The process of choosing these models is immensely attributed to the eventual impact on the testing, which is done. In addition, it will define the techniques to be applied. Some of the software development models include RAD, Agile, Iterative and V models among others. In the case of regulation of the quality of assurance approaches, the software development cycle (SDLC) has distinctive features such as corrective measures, which defines the manner in which quality assurance should be implemented. The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle is attributed to the repeated and continuous improvement of the quality assurance. This cycle is also called the Deming circle. It is imperative to note that, the application of the PDCA has proved to be more convenient and effective when compared to the adoption and use of â€Å"the right first-time† approach. It is justifiable that, the use of the PDCA cycle implies a continuous search for better approaches to improvement. The cycle is effectual in performing any kind of work and in managing programs. This cycle offers both permanent and temporary corrective actions (ALAN, 2013). For instance, the temporary action practically tackles and fixes the problem with the aim of attaining results (IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT, ERSHI, JIANG, AND RUNLIANG, 2013).

After the American revolution conflicts between the North and South Essay

After the American revolution conflicts between the North and South - Essay Example The southern states majorly depended on cotton growing as their main source of revenue. There, however, existed a range of factories in the north of which most were agriculture based, as grain processing. The economy of the north was diverse with several other factories, apart from agriculture based. The southern states had slavery as the source of labor in their plantations (Jordan xii). This was among the issues that exacerbated the south with their northern counterparts. While the southern plantation owners embraced slavery, the north had it declared as an odd institution. The north and south had divergent economic interests. This difference possibly triggered the enmity that, among other factors, promoted the civil war. There was a notable difference in the labor forces between the north and south. The north consisted of a majority of skilled workers that made the labor market competitive while the south mainly used semiskilled and manual labor. There were high tariffs in the north, contrary to the south where there were low tariffs. The high tariffs shielded to the industries in the north from competition. The north and south had differences including their locations of land in the continent. While the northern states fall in the northern hemisphere, the southern states have their situation in the southern hemisphere. The demographics of the north and south showed explicit differences. The northern population was higher than the southern given the surge of people in the north, who worked in the factories. The immigration, therefore, escalated the population of the north. Differences over land issues were among the significant causes of the historic civil war. The union states (from the north) wanted their southern counterparts (confederate states) to surrender their large plantations for the building of industries and factories. The southern states, however, were reluctant to give in to such forces. This triggered a land conflict between the north and

The odyssey

The odyssey Which film does a more effective job in adapting Homers The Odyssey: Ridley Scotts Gladiator or Barry Levinsons The Natural. I believe that both films do an effective job of adapting Homers epic poem. However, in my opinion, The Natural does a better job of this. The Natural achieves a more effective level than Scotts film in adapting The Odyssey because Levinsons cinematic adventure has more similarities in the characters, plot structure, and resolution. The characters in Levinsons motion picture are very similar to the characters in The Odyssey. Roy Hobbes, the main character of the movie, compares very well with Odysseus, the main character in Homers epic poem. Odysseus is a great Trojan War hero and Roy Hobbes is a great baseball player, which is similar to being a war hero because Hobbes is a hero to his baseball team in their war for the pennant. Both characters leave their home to achieve glory: Odysseus in the Trojan War and Hobbes in baseball. Odysseus leaves Ithaca, which is a small island, and Hobbes leaves his small farm. Both places are small and not vey well known. Odysseus and Hobbes both leave a woman at home with a child to take care of. However, Odysseus never met his child and Hobbes was unaware that he left his hometown girlfriend when she was pregnant with his son. Another similarity is that both of these protagonists are flawed. Odysseus dishonored the god, arguably because he has too much pride, which is hubris . Moreover, Hobbes also had too much pride. Having too much pride causes each character to go off course, literally and figuratively. Odysseus is blown of course traveling from one crazy island to the next. Whereas, Roy Hobbes gets shot, which causes him to quit baseball for a long time and travel from one job to the next. The two heroes even have similar enemies, for example Hobbes has Gus Sands who nearly kills him, and Odysseus has the Cyclops who nearly kills him; also both enemies only have one eye. Another similarity is the weapon of choice for both individuals; Odysseus has his bow, which is used to defeat the suitors after his wife, and Hobbes has Wonderboy, which is his baseball bat used to defeat opposing baseball teams. In Gladiator there is not one specific weapon that Maximus uses. Lastly, eventually both heroes return home and are humbled. Odysseus returns home to Ithaca, but as a beggar. And Hobbes returns to the farm to take care of his united family. The plot structure of the movie is also very similar to Homers epic poem. Each story begins in a small place that is not very well known. The Natural begins on a farm and The Odyssey begins on a small island called Ithaca. Another similarity is that both of the main characters leave their home to become well known. However, even though they were both great, both protagonists have too much pride, which ends up causing both of them to go off course of their goal. However, Maximus in Gladiator did not have too much pride, but he was still sent off course. Odysseuss goal was to return home, but because he did not honor the gods, the gods would not allow him to achieve his goal very easily. Hobbess goal was to set baseball records, but because of his pride he was literally shot down on his way to the top. Then both characters must put forth much more time and effort than originally planned to achieve their goal. Eventually Hobbes changes his goal to being with his family when he realizes that he left his hometown girlfriend home pregnant with his son; just like Odysseus left his new born son with his wife when he left home. In the end, both heroes wind up home and happy. The resolutions of both protagonists are also very similar. Both eventually learn their lesson. Odysseus realizes that it is wrong to think that he is greater than or equal to the gods and not all the glory should go to him. Hobbes realizes that baseball is not just about break individual records, but the game is about the glory of the team. These are similar because the baseball team is equivalent to the team of Odysseus and the gods in the Trojan War. So the victory is not solely for the glory of the individual. In conclusion, The Natural does a more effective job of adapting to The Odyssey then Gladiator does. The Natural is an effective adaptation of The Odyssey because of its similarities in characters, plot structure, and resolution. There are many striking connections between Roy Hobbes and Odysseus. Also, the plot structure and resolution of The Natural is almost identical to that of Homers epic poem The Odyssey.

The Champion Lands :: Free Descriptive Essay About A Place

The Champion Lands The former Champion Lands of Vermont consist of 132,000 acres in the Northeast Kingdom of Vermont. The Northeast Kingdom of Vermont has some of Vermont's most extensive areas of relitively remote and wild lands. A substantial portion of the Champion Lands are located in the the Nulhegan Basin, an extensive area of northern lowland forest and wetlands ringed by hills and mountians of moderatr elevation and drained by the Nulhegan River. The Champion Lands of Vermont are part of a larger system known as the Northern Forest. Stretching 400 miles from Lake Ontario to the Atlantic Ocean, the Northern Forest covers more than 25 million acres across New York's Tug Hill plateau and Adirondack Mountains and includes nearly all of northern Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. The forest reaches north and east into Quebec and the Maritime Provinces of Canada. This extensive regional forest contains a range of forest age-classes, from early successional to, in a few isolated locations, mature forest, but it is by and large young forest, less than 100 years old. It provides important habitat for the large mammals native to the extensive northeastern deciduous, coniferous and mixed forests. These include black bear, bobcat, deer and moose. The lands are divided into three different ownership parcels, each area has its own unique features and area of interest The West Mountain WMA lands are dominated by three major features: in the center of the parcel, West Mountain rises to an elevation of 2,733 feet above sea level; to the north and east the land drains into a series of small ponds in the Wheeler Stream drainage, while to the west and south Paul Stream drains an area dominated by Ferdinand Bog. These two stream drainages, which are tributaries of the Connecticut River, contain what is thought to be the greatest concentration of glacial ice-contact deposits in Vermont. The result is a highly varied terrain containing kames, kame moraines, eskers, and kettles surrounding the resistant granite of West Mountain. Notch Pond Mountain, part of the Nulhagan Basin mountainous rim to the north of West Mountain, separates the Wheeler Stream and Paul Stream drainages from the Nulhegan River. The mountains and high hills on the West Mountain WMA are strongly dominated by northern hardwood forests, while the stream drainages are dominated by red spr uce-hardwood forest or lowland spruce-fir forests, and a variety of wetlands and ponds. The wetlands are predominantly northern white cedar swamps, spruce-fir-tamarack swamps, and alder-beaver meadow complexes.

Early Childhood Growth and Development Essay

This assignment we were asked to review chapter 2 of our text Developmental Profiles: Pre-Birth through Twelve. We were asked to write a three to four page paper which includes the following: * A description of how the concept of development differs from the concept of growth. * A summary of the domains of development identified in chapter 2 course text * An analysis of the developmental milestone examples in the text i. e. sitting, walking, talking and the purpose they serve. * Lastly, identify and explain three factors that may contribute to atypical development. Now that we have all of this discussed and what this paper entails let us get to it. Before we can even get into the meat of this paper we first must know and understand the definition and the difference between development and growth. Our text gives us a definition of both growth and development. Development according to our text refers to an increase in complexity, from simple to more complicated and detailed. Growth is defined in our text as physical changes leading to an increase in size. (Allen & Marotz, 2010) The terms growth and development refers to a dynamic process. Often used interchangeably, these terms have different meanings. Growth and development are interdependent, interrelated process. Growth generally takes place during the first 20 years of life; Development continues after that. (www. scribd. com). After reading the above lines and sitting and contemplating on them. The Human Growth and Development website stated that â€Å"Growth takes place during the first 20 years of life and development continues after that. † (www. scribd. com). I am not a board certified doctor but I do disagree with that statement because of that fact that yes growth and development are interdependent of one another but we all develop as we grow. Yes there is a difference in the concept of growth and development but one must look at the definition of each. Growth is the physical aspect of the two, example after a baby is born the birth weight, height, and head circumference is charted. The pediatrician then requests the parent(s) to bring the child back in two months. The two month check-up everything again is charted and this is done in intervals through out the life of the child. The chart shows the growth of the child from birth to present. As we grow we also develop. This means that we develop our senses, our thoughts, personality etc. According to the Human Growth and Development site development is the behavioral aspect of the two. (www. scribd. com). I tend to believe this because as we get older we tend to grow or develop into ourselves. We are not born with our personality, this has to develop. We were not born walking we had to develop the strength of our legs in order to walk. The next phase of our assignment is to summarize the developmental domains mentioned in our text. Before I do this summary I just want to point out that â€Å"the early childhood years are filled with staggering growth and development. There are four main areas of development that occur all at the same time. (www. teachpreschool. org). The domains listed in the text are as follows: * Physical Development – governs the major tasks of infancy; this domain also governs both gross motor skills (crawling, walking, running) and fine motor skills (hand-eye coordination, cutting, writing, weaving) (Allen & Marotz, 2010; www. teachpreschool. org). * Cognitive Development – addresses the expansion of a child’s intellect or mental abilities. (Allen & Marotz, 2010) * Perceptual Development – this domain addresses the complex way a child uses information received through the senses- sight, hearing, touch, smell taste and body position. This domain also enables the child to focus on what is relevant or irrelevant at any given moment. (Allen & Marotz, 2010) * Language Development – is the domain that enables the child to communicate with his/her peers. Most children tend to understand a variety of words, concepts, and relationships before they have words to describe or communicate. This ability is called receptive language. There is another term used called expressive language which is words used to verbalize thoughts and feelings. (Allen & Marotz, 2010) * Social Development- the understanding on how to communicate, share and make friends. This also covers how we feel about ourselves. (www. teachpreschool. org; Allen & Marotz, 2010) * Emotional Development- The building blocks for positive self esteem and self confidence. Most theorists place Social development and Emotional development in one because these two are interrelated as well. (www. teachpreschool. org). We are almost through walking through Early Childhood Growth and Development; now let us talk about developmental milestones. Developmental milestones are a set of functional skills or age specific tasks that most children can do at a certain age range. (www. med. umich. edu). In our text it talked about sitting, walking, and talking milestones, but before I get into the analysis of each one we must remember that â€Å"Babies develop at their own pace, so it is impossible to tell exactly when you child will learn a given skill. † (www. mychildwithoutlimits. org) The milestones that are talked about in our text can vary from child to child. Some babies may learn to sit up on their own as early as six months of age while others according to the Developmental Milestones Chart printed by My Child without Limits. org states that a child getting to a sitting position happens at 1 year. This is not uncommon some children develop faster than others. The purpose of the developmental milestones is to let the parents know that their child is growing up normally. As a parent you should not typically be alarmed if your child is a couple of months behind other children their age, but lets say your child is 24 months old and has not yet walked then yes there should be some concern there. Atypical growth and development is not an uncommon situation. This type of development stems from poor health and nutrition, injury, genetic errors, and many other factors. (Allen & Marotz, 2010). I have listed several factors that may contribute to atypical development and I will talk about each as follows: * Injury- A woman has to protect themselves at all costs when pregnant. If for whatever reason she falls and hurts herself it is a possibility that there can be damage to the child. A car accident can cause damage to the child * Genetic factors- these factors could come from either parent or both. Genes play a major part in development because we all get 26 chromosomes from each parent for a total of 52. If either parent’s chromosomes are genetically defective then the child could be affected. * Poor Health and Nutrition- the child feeds off of the mother in vitro and if the mother is using drugs and not eating right  or taking her pre natal pills then the child could come out deformed, with some sort of brain deficiency or some sort of health problem. Now that this is all said and done. I do hope that this paper can help you as it did me in the growth and development of the early child. REFERENCES: Developmental Profiles: Pre-birth through Twelve Allen, Eileen K and Martoz, Lynn R. 2010 Wadsworth Publishing Developmental Milestones www. med. umich. edu Developmental Milestones Chart www. mychildwithoutlimits. org Brief Look at Developmental Domains in Early Childhood Education www. teachpreschool. org Human Growth and Development www. scribd. com.

How to prepare for a job interview when the interviewer is a robot -TheJobNetowrk

How to prepare for a job interview when the interviewer is a robot -TheJobNetowrk In today’s job search, a lot of things have been automated or digitized. Your resume is now a PDF that can be sent anywhere in the world at a moment’s notice. Your network may be full of people you haven’t met in person but have developed professional BFF-ships through the many social media options. But even with all of that, it may not occur to you that the interview- the ultimate face-to-face part of the hiring process- might be automated too. As companies look for ways to make their interview process more efficient (and less prone to human error), you may find that your interviewer is†¦not human. If you know ahead of time that you’ll be getting the Westworld version of an interviewer (though with less mayhem, of course), here are some tips for prepping.Don’t worry about small talk†¦You’re not going to score points with an Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbot if you try to find out if you went to the same summer camp or by complim enting their office space. So that’s one less thing to worry about! Ordinarily, we’d recommend brushing up on your handshake skills and your small talk, but such things are much less important when your interviewer doesn’t have†¦hands. An AI-based interview may include some pleasantries built in for basic politeness, but you don’t need to spend much time thinking about how to impress the bot with your small talk skills.†¦but do work on body languageIn many AI interviews, the candidate gives responses to a set of standardized questions while being recorded. That recording is then analyzed for content, and also for visual cues. So while you don’t need to worry about building a rapport with the interview bot, you do need to make sure your body language and speaking skills are on point. That means good posture, confident tone, and eye contact. It also means keeping a close hold on your expressions- cameras can see microexpressions and movemen ts that a regular human interviewer might miss (not having megapixel eyes and all), so poise becomes especially important.Focus on keywordsWhen you’re answering questions that you know will be analyzed by some algorithm before a human ever gets around to reviewing your interview, make sure you’re tailoring your responses. That means focusing on the job description and using words and phrases that relate directly to the job. Remember, you can’t rely on charm to float you through weak points in the interview, because robots don’t have the time or the inclination to bond with you. Before the interview, be sure to read not only the job description but also the company’s website/mission statement/About Us to see what kind of qualities they prioritize and the specific wants they have for this job.Don’t phone it inIf you’re interviewing with some level of AI (a chatbot, a video screen of an oddly perfect-looking humanoid, a voice call with a n automated caller, etc.), don’t act like it’s less important than if you were dealing with a human. It can be tempting to put less effort into a dehumanized interview process, but remember, at some point, a human will be reviewing your interview. If they think you’re not taking the preliminary robot interview seriously, you’re unlikely to get called back for the real-deal, in-person version.With more companies than ever turning to AI to simplify and improve their hiring processes, the odds are ever greater that at some point during your job hunt you’ll have a robot interviewer. It’s the same level of prep, just a different focus. And whether you’re talking to a human or a robot, the goal is always to emphasize the stellar skills and experience that got you the interview in the first place. Good luck!

Jaycee Lee Dugard - The Case of Jaycee Lee Dugard

Jaycee Lee Dugard - The Case of Jaycee Lee Dugard For years, she had smiled from her FBI missing child poster, one of those children who had been gone so long that no one expected them ever to be found alive. But Jaycee Lee Dugard turned up on Aug. 27, 2009, at a California police station 18 years after being abducted. According to authorities, Dugard was held in captivity all that time by a convicted sex offender who kept her in his backyard compound, sheltered in tents, sheds, and outbuildings in Antioch, California. Police arrested 58-year-old Phillip Garrido, who they said kept Dugard as a virtual slave and fathered two children by her. The children were ages 11 and 15 when Dugard resurfaced. Kidnapping, Rape Charges Filed Garrido and his wife, Nancy, were charged with conspiracy and kidnapping. Garrido was also charged with rape by force, lewd and lascivious acts with a minor, and sexual penetration. He was on parole from a Nevada state prison following a conviction of rape by force or fear. He was paroled in 1999. Dugards ordeal neared its end when California parole officials received a report that Garrido had been seen with two young children. They called him in for questioning but sent him home with instructions to return the following day. The next day, Garrido returned with his wife; Dugard, who was going by the name Allissa; and the two children. The investigators separated Garrido from the group so that they could interview Dugard. During the interview, she attempted to protect Garrido when investigators asked if she knew that he was a  sex offender. As the interview continued, Dugard became visibly agitated and made up a story about being an abused wife hiding from her husband in the Garrido home. As the interviews became more intensive, Dugard began to show signs of Stockholm Syndrome, in which a captive held long enough develops positive feelings for the captor. She became angry, demanding to know why she was being interrogated. Finally, Garrido broke down and told investigators he had kidnapped and raped Dugard. Only after his confession did she reveal her true identity. El Dorado County Undersheriff Fred Kollar said: None of the children have ever been to school, theyve never been to a doctor. They were kept in complete isolation in this compound, if you will. There was electricity from electrical cords, rudimentary outhouse, rudimentary shower, as if you were camping. It was here that Dugard had given birth to her two children. Reunited With Mother Authorities said Dugard appeared to be in good health when she arrived at a San Francisco Bay Area police station to be reunited with her mother, who was overjoyed to find her daughter alive. Also welcoming the news was Dugards stepfather, Carl Probyn, the last person to see her before she disappeared and a longtime suspect in the case. It broke my marriage up. Ive gone through hell; I mean Im a suspect up until yesterday, Probyn told The Associated Press at his home in Orange, California. Backyard Compound Investigators searched the home and property where Dugard had been held captive, expanding their search to an adjacent property looking for clues in other missing persons cases. Behind the Garrido home, investigators found what looked like a tented compound where Dugard and her children had lived. Inside they found a rug spread out with a bed on it. On the bed were several piles of clothing and boxes. Another tented area contained clothing, pictures, books, plastic storage containers, and toys. There were no modern conveniences except electrical lighting. According to court papers, Garrido had stopped having sex with Dugard around the time that she gave birth to her second child. Afterward, all five held themselves out to be a family, taking vacations and running a family business together. Mixed Emotions Phillip and Nancy Garrido pleaded not guilty to 29 counts, including forcible abduction, rape, and false imprisonment. When the Garridos were arrested, Dugard experienced mixed emotions. With counseling and medical care, she began to understand the terrible things that were done to her. Her attorney, McGregor Scott, said she was fully cooperating with the investigation because she understood that the Garridos needed to be held accountable for their crimes. $20 Million Settlement In February 2010, Dugard and her daughters, then 15 and 12, filed claims against the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, claiming the agency failed to do its job of properly supervising Garrido, who was supposed to be under parole supervision during much of the time he held Dugard captive. Parole officers never discovered Dugard and her daughters during the 10 years Garrido was under supervision. The lawsuit also claimed psychological, physical, and emotional damage. That July, the state offered Dugard a $20 million settlement mediated by retired San Francisco County Superior Court Judge Daniel Weinstein. The money will be used to buy the family a home, ensure privacy, pay for education, replace lost income. and cover what will likely be years of therapy, Weinstein told reporters. Guilty Pleas On April 28, 2011, the Garridos pleaded guilty to kidnapping and rape, sparing Dugard and her daughters from testifying at trial. On June 3, Phillip Garridos received a sentence of 431 years to life; Nancy Garridos was sentenced to 36 years to life. They made no eye contact with anyone and kept their heads down as Dugards mother, Terry Probyn, read a statement from her daughter: I chose not to be here today because I refuse to waste another second of my life in your presence...Everything you have ever done to me has been wrong and someday I hope you can see that...[A]s I think of all of those years I am angry because you stole my life and that of my family. Thankfully I am doing well now and no longer live in a nightmare. Nancy Garrido is imprisoned at the California Institution for Women in Corona, California. Phillip Garridos institution wasnt available in August 2019. Sources Martinez, Michael. Phillip, Nancy Garrido Sentenced in Jaycee Dugard Kidnapping. CNN.Glynn,  Casey. Nancy and Philip Garrido sentenced for Jaycee Lee Dugard kidnapping. CBS NewsCDCR Inmate Locator. California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.

Challenges Faced by Graduates and Volatile Global Economy Essay

Challenges Faced by Graduates and Volatile Global Economy - Essay Example Hence the graduates and aspirants of opportunities are advised to capacitate their personal and professional skills based on the analysis of actual demands of the new business horizons. Various elements are to be considered responsible for the new economic trend of excessive completion in the international job market. Generalised expectations of most of the job market is that graduates from developed countries are basically exposed to luxurious life with the abundance of opportunities while the part of luxury is a rare incident in case of job seekers from emerging economies. As Farley, Malkani and Smith (2008) point out, majority of the graduates are in search of lucrative jobs in developed economies and the employers of the emerging economies find it difficult to fill the positions with efficient people, which will eventually result in reduced productivity and quality performance. Developed and emerging economies are facing the problem of internal competition in most of the producti vity regions in pursuit of claiming a stable economic position in the world. Presently, the world economy is moving through the crisis-hit segments in many spheres of international business owing to the competition among countries those have agreed to collaborating ideas and exchange of human intelligence for industries and trade. â€Å"The world around is being dramatically reshaped by scientific and technological innovation, global inter-dependence, cross-cultural encounters and changes in the balance of economic and political power† (Association of American Colleges and Universities, 2009). A majority of the leading economies in the world are now on verge of declining themselves from their perspectives of economic leadership over other countries over the past few years. This economic policy changes in the recent years are the earmarking revelation of an imminent move for cut-downs and distribution of intelligence requirement among job markets across the world mostly throug h information technology. Apart from the various norms of the governments to regulate the job market, a majority of graduates are forced to the risk of losing their technical knowledge in highly intellectual professions like doctors and engineers if the individual abstains from practice over a long period after the studies. As International Business Report (Sep 28, 2010) points out, in the scenario of volatile global economy, graduates are a target for certain challenges like excessive competition against limited requirements, economic downturns in local job markets, inadequate exposure to quality education with facilities for real-world exposure and also the setback of the height of expectations set above the achievable levels of opportunities to them and the development of intellectual debate between job searching with the graduation and further drive of higher education. Advancement in technology and computerisation in the field of operation of all the industries and offices in t he recent decade demands for a higher level enthusiasm among young aspirants to update their professional skills with the demands of the time. Unlike the traditional belief that industry involved the physical production of certain commodities, the world today is looking for the excellence of graduates in

Competitor Analysis of Apple Inc Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Competitor Analysis of Apple Inc - Case Study Example In future trend of communication and networking is primarily focused towards wireless products from the market. Apple is already positioned very strongly in this region as the company already provides many products for the market which will help a lot for the company to grow in this sector of market. The AirPort wireless networking technology from Apple allows high speed connection within a specified region. The increase in demand of wireless high speed internet connections will boost the top line growth of Apple Inc.New digital hub platformApple’s new digital hub platform with the combination of iTunes is transforming the MAC platform for the customers to provide video contents directly into the television and portable devices of the customers. This new hub has great potential for Apple business in digital contents for its rapid growth in recent future.Market for MP3 playerThe increasing popularity for MP3 player from Apple Inc is rising high at a very fast pace. The market s hare for the company has increased from 71 % in 2005 to 78 % in the year 2006 and has great potential to in countries outside US. With more retail presence in both domestic and international market the company is expected to increase its product line of digital contents. This segment can act as key growth driver for the firm in short term. The current strategy of the company is to target the market with its own Operating system. Apple recognized that the competitors of the company primarily rely on the operating system of any third party. Like Dell computers use Windows XP for their products. Apple on the other hand have managed to incorporate its own hardware and software for the all its product line with the flexibility to use whatever the user wants similar to the other operating system. The company also segments the market based on geographical segmentation. It includes America, Japan, and Europe which acts as the core regions for the business process. The company also has retai l stores in the particular regions for operating and overseeing the activities at different parts of the world. The integrated system of the Apple Inc helps to drive its entire business model at the same time. It provides the complete solution for the customers. Customer buying iPod will have to download music through iTunes. For most of the average users the computer provided are from Apple Mac. This creates a great control of the market with the complete solutions offered by the company to the market. The diversified product line from the company also gives a chance for the consumers to get introduced to the brand. Many people are not much